Chamaerops humilis, European fan palm, Mediterranean fan palm, Mediterranean dwarf palm. 10-50 fresh seeds Oct. '24

Chamaerops humilis, commonly known as the Mediterranean fan palm or the dwarf fan palm, is a species of palm native to the Mediterranean region. This species is characterized by its clumping growth form, where multiple trunks can arise from a single base, forming a bushy appearance.

**Key features:**
- **Height:** Typically grows to about 1.5 to 3 meters (5 to 10 feet), but can reach up to 4 meters (13 feet) in optimal conditions.
- **Leaves:** The leaves are fan-shaped (costapalmate) with long petioles and deep lobes. They are a vibrant green and can measure up to 1 meter (3 feet) across.
- **Flowers:** The palm produces small, yellowish flowers that develop into clusters of round fruits. The fruits are small, about 2 cm (0.8 inches) in diameter, and edible but not particularly flavorful.
- **Hardiness:** It is drought-tolerant and can endure a range of soil types, making it popular for landscaping in Mediterranean-style gardens.

#### Growth Tips
1. **Location:** Choose a full sun location for optimal growth. Chamaerops humilis can tolerate partial shade, but full sun conditions encourage better growth and leaf production.

2. **Soil:** Prefers well-draining soil. Sandy or rocky soils are ideal. Heavy clay soils can retain too much moisture and lead to root rot.

3. **Watering:** While established plants are drought-tolerant, regular watering is essential during the first few years. Allow the soil to dry out between waterings to prevent over-saturation.

4. **Fertilization:** Use a balanced slow-release fertilizer during the growing season (spring and summer) to promote healthy growth. Avoid excessive nitrogen, which can lead to lush foliage but weaker trunks.

5. **Pruning:** Remove dead or damaged leaves from the base to maintain a tidy appearance. Avoid cutting too many healthy leaves, as they are important for the plant's health.

6. **Pests and Diseases:** Generally pest-resistant, but watch for scale insects, mealybugs, and leaf spot diseases. Good airflow can help prevent fungal issues.

#### Germination from Seeds
1. **Seed Preparation:** Obtain fresh seeds from mature fruit. If possible, remove the outer pulp and rinse the seeds to prevent mold during germination.

2. **Soaking:** Soak the seeds in water for 24 hours to help soften the hard outer seed coat and promote germination.

3. **Sowing:** Use a well-draining seed-starting mix. Plant the seeds about 1-2 cm (0.4-0.8 inches) deep in the soil.

4. **Temperature & Humidity:** Keep the seeds in a warm environment (around 25-30°C or 77-86°F) with high humidity. A greenhouse or a covered tray can help maintain humidity.

5. **Watering:** Moisten the soil gently but avoid waterlogging. Keep the soil consistently moist (not soggy) until germination occurs.

6. **Germination Time:** Seeds may take anywhere from 1 to 6 months to germinate, depending on conditions. Be patient, as some seeds can take longer.

7. **Transplanting:** Once seedlings have developed a few true leaves and are about 10-15 cm (4-6 inches) tall, they can be transplanted to larger pots or the garden, ensuring that they are accustomed to the conditions gradually.

Chamaerops humilis is a wonderful choice for Mediterranean gardens, adding a tropical feel to landscapes while being relatively low on maintenance. Enjoy growing your palm!